Mass fraction of moisture in the dry extract is not more than 10%.
The mass fraction of moisture in the thick extract is not more than 50%.
Mass fraction of insoluble substances in water not more than 5%.
Mass fraction of flavonoids in dry extract (in terms of routine), not less than 1.0%.
Mass fraction of flavonoids in the thick extract (in terms of routine), not less than 0.5%.
In the inflorescences of chamomile contains essential oil, the main active principle of which is chamazulene; also found flavonoids, organic acids, lactones, coumarins, terpenes, sesquiterpenes, alcohols, vitamins, bitterness and gum. It has a sedative effect on the nervous system, has the following effects: anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, hemostatic, analgesic, carminative, diaphoretic, choleretic, astringent, laxative and antiallergic.
Infusion of chamomile flowers is used internally in the treatment of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, liver and biliary tract diseases, chronic enteritis, chronic colitis, flatulence, intestinal spasms, diarrhea. Local use is in diseases of ENT organs (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, angina); spastic colitis, hemorrhoids, painful menstruation. In dentistry, chamomile infusion is used in diseases of the oral cavity (stomatitis, gingivitis, etc.). In dermatology, chamomile is used orally for eczema, neurodermatitis, urticaria, pruritus, red flat lichen, externally used in the treatment of poorly healing wounds, allergic itchy dermatoses. Chamazulene of chamomile is used for bronchial asthma, rheumatism, radiation burns.
Chamomile essential oil improves the function of the gastrointestinal tract. Flavonoids have an antispasmodic effect on the smooth muscles of the bile ducts, intestines, blood vessels and ureters, increase the outflow of bile, prevent stagnation of bile in the gallbladder and thereby prevent the formation of stones. Soft enveloping properties of chamomile to a certain extent due to mucus, which has a great absorbing capacity, resulting in adsorbs various poisons. Covering inflamed tissue, it prevents heat transfer and acts as a warming compress. Also, mucous substances protect the tissue from external stimuli and, accordingly, reduce its sensitivity. This reduces pain, relieves spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, ie, create normal working conditions. Chamomile is an intestinal eubiotic. Infusion and decoction of chamomile show antimicrobial, antiviral, fungistatic effect, which served as the basis for the use of chamomile preparations in the fight against pathogenic microorganisms. Moreover, the plant drug is not developing resistance of pathogens. In diseases of the liver and bile ducts chamomile preparations relieve spasm of the bile ducts, increase bile secretion, reduce inflammation.
In the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract chamomile in combination with calendula and yarrow observed better results than monotherapy. In this case, patients disappear pain, belching, flatulence, improves overall health. The complex purpose of these plants increases anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, wound-healing effect, and yarrow, in addition, increases blood clotting, has vasodilating and analgesic properties. Assign diseases of the nervous system: neuroses, hysteria, chorea, epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia, as well as painful menstruation and dysmenorrhea. Chamomile is used as a mild mild and expectorant in respiratory diseases. It acts as an effective remedy for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver: gastritis, peptic ulcer, enterocolitis, ulcerative colitis, cholecystitis and hepatitis, spastic pain and flatulence.
Chamomile as a component of drug charges is prescribed for kidney and bladder diseases, as well as for children's diathesis. Infusions are used as an external means for lotions, douches, poultices, compresses and baths. Chamomile rinse your throat and mouth with angina and stomatitis, diseases of the teeth. It is prescribed for eczema, boils and burns. Chamomile is used in cosmetics, its decoction rinsed hair after washing.
The pharmacological properties of chamomile depend on the biologically active substances contained in the plant. The flowers of chamomile contain essential oil (0,2 – 0,8 %), consisting of a core of biologically active substance chamazulene, its predecessor is prochamazulene and other monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes; flavonoids, derivatives of apigenin, luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, isoramnetin; coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones: matrix, matrikarin, phytosterols, phenol carboxylic acids, choline, organic acids (isovalerian, salicylic, Caprylic), vitamin C, carotene, gums, mucus, bitterness, polyacetylenes, macro-and microelements.
